Scientists
- Alfred L. Elwyn (1804-1884), American physician and pioneer in the training and care of the mentally disabled
- Alfred Douglas Hardy (1870–1958), Australian botanist
- Alfred Kinsey (1894–1956), American entomologist, zoologist, and human sexuality researcher
- Alfred Marshall (1842–1924), English economist
- Alfred Newton (1829–1907), English zoologist and ornithologist
- Alfred Nobel (1833–1896), Swedish chemist and engineer
- Alfred Wilhelm Volkmann (1801–1877), German physiologist, anatomist, and philosopher
- Alfred Russel Wallace (1823–1913), British naturalist, explorer, geographer, anthropologist, and biologist
- Alfred Wegener (1880–1930), German earth and weather scientist
Fictional characters
- Alfred, alchemist and playable character in Bloodstained: Curse of the Moon
- Alfred, Sartan character from the novel Dragon Wing and other books of The Death Gate Cycle
- Alfred, nickname of the nature spirit Demonreach, a minor character in The Dresden Files
- Alfred, character in the video game Fatal Fury (series)
- Alfred the Hot Water Bottle, from Australian children's television series Johnson and Friends
- Alfred, major character, a penguin, in the Franco-Belgian comic strip Zig et Puce
- Alfred Alembick, character from King Ottokar's Sceptre
- Alfred Doolittle, father of Eliza Doolittle in Pygmalion and My Fair Lady
- Alfred Hedgehog, main character of the French-Canadian animated TV series The Mysteries of Alfred Hedgehog
- Alfred F. Jones, personification of the United States of America and leader of the Allied Powers in the anime Hetalia by Hidekaz Himaruya
- Alfred J. Kwak, main character of the eponymous Dutch-Japanese anime television series
- Alfred E. Neuman, mascot and iconic cover boy of Mad magazine
- Alfred Pennyworth, butler to DC Comics superhero Batman
Other
- Alfred of Sareshel (12th–13th century), translator, born in England, moved to Spain
- Alfred of Sherborne (10th century), English bishop
- Alfred Francis (before 1909-after 1919), Welsh rugby player
- Sir Alfred Mehran (born 1946), birth name Mehran Karimi Nasseri, Iranian refugee
- Alfred Packer (1842–1907), American cannibal
- Alfred Westou, (11th century), English priest and relic collector
- Alfred Worden (1932–2020), American astronaut, business executive, and author
